Bambino intento a leggere un testo tramite un dispositivo digitale e-reader.

Cosa fa la lettura digitale al cervello

Bibliografia generata da ChatGPT sui cambiamenti neurofisiologici nella corteccia prefrontale legati all’uso prolungato di dispositivi di lettura digitale tra i giovani adulti (in inglese).

Di seguito è riportata una bibliografia di riferimento generata da ChatGPT o3, incentrata sui cambiamenti neurofisiologici nella corteccia prefrontale correlati all’uso prolungato di dispositivi di lettura digitale tra i giovani adulti (di età compresa tra 18 e 35 anni). Le fonti includono articoli di riviste peer-reviewed, revisioni sistematiche e studi neurocognitivi rilevanti pubblicati nell’ultimo decennio. I lavori esaminano le alterazioni strutturali e funzionali, compresi i cambiamenti nella regolazione dell’attenzione, nella memoria di lavoro, nel carico cognitivo e nella funzione esecutiva. La bibliografia è proposta senza alcuna modifica rispetto all’output originale di ChatGPT (per maggiori informazioni su questo e altri test, si veda l’articolo Se la ricerca bibliografica la fa l’intelligenza artificiale).

 Reference Bibliography

  1. Ophir, E., Nass, C., & Wagner, A. D. (2009). Cognitive control in media multitaskers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(37), 15583–15587.
    https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903620106
    ↳ Explores prefrontal cortex engagement in high media multitaskers, highlighting cognitive control deficits possibly associated with digital consumption.
  2. Loh, K. K., & Kanai, R. (2016). How has the Internet reshaped human cognition? The Neuroscientist, 22(5), 506–520.
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858415595005
    ↳ A review that includes neuroimaging findings related to digital media use and alterations in the prefrontal cortex, particularly regarding attentional control and working memory.
  3. Small, G. W., Moody, T. D., Siddarth, P., & Bookheimer, S. Y. (2009). Your brain on Google: Patterns of cerebral activation during internet searching. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(2), 116–126.
    https://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181953aee
    ↳ Demonstrates increased activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during digital information seeking.
  4. Firth, J., Torous, J., Stubbs, B., et al. (2019). The “online brain”: How the Internet may be changing our cognition. World Psychiatry, 18(2), 119–129.
    https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20617
    ↳ Comprehensive synthesis of how long-term digital engagement, including reading behavior, can alter prefrontal cortex functions tied to executive control.
  5. Li, B., Friston, K. J., Liu, J., et al. (2014). Alterations in brain functional connectivity with the use of mobile phones. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, 915.
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00915
    ↳ Investigates functional connectivity shifts, including in prefrontal regions, related to mobile device use.
  6. Wilmer, H. H., Sherman, L. E., & Chein, J. M. (2017). Smartphones and cognition: A review of research exploring the links between mobile technology habits and cognitive functioning. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 605.
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00605
    ↳ Reviews studies highlighting reduced cognitive performance and executive function with habitual smartphone use, implicating prefrontal mechanisms.
  7. Cain, M. S., Leonard, J. A., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Finn, A. S. (2016). Media multitasking in adolescence. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 23(6), 1932–1941.
    https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1036-3
    ↳ While focused on adolescents, it provides relevant insight into prefrontal activation patterns and executive attention processes, often extrapolated to young adults.
  8. Montag, C., Wegmann, E., Sariyska, R., et al. (2019). How to overcome taxonomical problems in the study of Internet use disorders and what to do with “smartphone addiction”? Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(4), 908–914.
    https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.8.2019.59
    ↳ Discusses functional brain alterations, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, associated with compulsive digital engagement and information consumption.
  9. Carr, N. (2010). The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
    ↳ A widely cited but non-peer-reviewed exploration of attention and memory changes due to digital reading habits, synthesizing neuroscience findings for broader audiences.
  10. Kepinska, O., de Rover, M., Caspers, J., & Fernández, G. (2017). Connectivity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex relates to language learning but not always to performance. NeuroImage, 156, 214–224.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.025
    ↳ Not digital-reading specific, but highly relevant to understanding working memory and prefrontal activity in language tasks, a proxy for complex reading behavior.